Open Pairs Monday Eve Session May 2, 2016 Scores after 26 boards Average: 60.0 Section A Pair Pct Score Rank MPs 9 63.67 76.40 1 1.30 Louis MORAZAIN - Diane Mongeau 3 57.67 69.20 2 0.91 Jacques STEWART - Diane BOUTIN 13 56.25 67.50 3 0.65 Andre Roulier - JEAN ROULIER 12 55.58 66.70 4 0.46 Gaetan Gaucher - Manon BOULE 4 54.00 64.80 5 0.26 Lorraine GAY - Luc BOUDREAU 1 49.17 59.00 Bernard Mongeau - Andre CAMPBELL 8 48.92 58.70 Julie SAUVE - Louis DEPELTEAU 6 48.58 58.30 Maurice PAUZE - Maite BASQUE 7 45.83 55.00 NICOLE GARCEAU - Marielle Pageau 5 45.25 54.30 ALFRED MORIN - Germain SAMOISETTE 10 42.58 51.10 DENIS PATENAUDE - Marcel Boulanger 2 41.92 50.30 Michel COUTURE - Lise GERVAIS 11 40.58 48.70 Rejean Keroack - Monique Lussier **PAIRS** BOARD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 \/ 1> 3 1 2 1 1 4 4- - 4 - 4 4- -100 -140 100* -140 -140 140* 50 -50* 140* -50* ---- 140* 50 ---- 2> 3- - 1- 3- 5 4- 2 3 1- 4- 0 - -450 -510 450* -450 -420 510* -480 480* 450* 510* ---- 420* -510 ---- 3> 5 2- 4 2- 2- 1 1 0 5 2- 0 4 480 200 450 -200* 200 170 -450* -140 140* -200* -480* ---- -170* ---- 4> 3- 3- 5 1- 1 1 0 1 4 4 1- 4 650 650 680 -650* 200 200 -680* 200 -200* -200* -650* ---- -200* ---- 5> 2 1.30 3.70 1.30 1.30 1.30 3 3.70 4.90 0.10 3.70 3.70 AVE-* -420 -200 -420 200* -420 AVE+ 420* 100 -100* 420* 420* ---- ---- 6> 1 1- 1- 1- 3- 1- 4 3- 5 0 3- 3- -430* 400 400 400 -400* 400 430 -400* 460 -460* -400* -400* ---- ---- 7> 4- 2 5 - 0 4 - 4- 3 2 1 3 ---- 150* -140 100 -150 -100* -90 -150 150* -130 130* 90* 140* ---- 8> 1 4 0 4 5 2 4 1 1 4 3 1 ---- -50* 50 -130 50 130* -100 50 -50* -110 110* 100* -50* ---- 9> 1- 1- 3- 3- 1 1- 3- 3- 4 0 5 1- -100* ---- -100* 100 100 80 -100* 100 100 -80* -120 120* -100* ---- 10> 2 2 3 3 5 2 0 3 0 1 4 5 -140* ---- -140* 140 140 170 -140* -100 140 -170* 110 -110* 100* ---- 11> 1 5 1 0 1- 4 3- 4 4 1 1- 3- -460* 50* ---- -460* -50 430 460 -430* 460 460 -460* 430 -430* ---- 12> 0 1 3 4 1 0 4 5 2 5 3 2 -620* -140* ---- -110* 140 100 -100 -100* 620 110 100* 130 -130* ---- 13> 1 3 5 3 0 5 2 0 2 2 3 4 -100* 110* 130* ---- 110* -130 200 -110 -200* -110 -110 110* 100 ---- 14> 0 1- 3 5 2 3- 1 1- 3- 0 4 5 50* 140* 170* ---- 420* -170 -140 -300 140* -140 -420 300* -50 ---- 15> 5 0 4 4 1- 1 1 3- 4 1 3- 1- -140 140* 420* 420* ---- 170* -420 -420 -170 420* -420 -170 170* ---- 16> 3- 1- 0 4- 4- - 2 3- 3 5 - 1- 100 -100* -200* 680* ---- 680* -680 -650 100 650* 200 -680 -100* ---- 17> 3- 4- - - 2 3- 3 0 1- 5 4- 1- 420* -140 140* 140* 170* ---- 420* -170 -450 -420 450* -140 -420 ---- 18> 2 0 5 4 2 2 3 5 3 0 1 3 -50* -300 300* 110* -50* ---- -50* 50 150 50 -150* -110 50 ---- 19> 4 4 5 0 2- 2- 1 2- 0 1 5 2- 480 -110* 490 -490* -420* -420* ---- -480* 420 -150 110 150* 420 ---- 20> 3- 0 1- 3- 1- 3- 1- 1- 0 5 5 3- 650 -660* 620 -620* -650* -620* ---- -650* 620 -100 660 100* 650 ---- 21> 2 2 3 5 0 3 3 3 2 2 2 3 -420 -420 420* 50 -50* 420* 420* ---- 420* -420 -420 -420 420* ---- 22> 2- 1 5 5 0 2- 1 4 4 2- 0 2- -50 -100 110* 140 -140* 50* -110* ---- 100* 110 -50 -110 50* ---- 23> 3 3- 5 4- 3- 1- 1- 4- 0 - 2 - 170* 100 800 620* 100 -100* -100* 620* ---- -800* -620 -170 -620 ---- 24> 1 2- 2- 0 1 4 2- 5 2- 0 4 5 -100* 50 50 -150* -110 110* -50* 140* ---- -50* -140 100 150 ---- 25> 2 - 2 2 3 4- - 3 5 3 0 4- -620 170* -620 -620 620* -170 170* 620* 680* ---- 620* -680 -170 ---- 26> 3- 4- - 5 1- 2 3 4- 1- 0 3- - 100 100* -100 110 -100* 90 -90* 100* -100* ---- -110* 100 -100 ---- Summary for Pair A 1 Bernard Mongeau - Andre CAMPBELL Open Pairs Monday Eve Session May 2, 2016 CLUB BRIDGE DES RICHELAIN 150888 Average: 60.0 Top on a Board: 5 BRD DLR VUL DIR VS RESULT SCORE BRD DLR VUL DIR VS RESULT SCORE 1 N NONE N-S 3 -100 3 15 S N-S N-S 2 -140 5 2 E N-S N-S 3 -450 3.5 16 W E-W N-S 2 100 3.5 3 S E-W N-S 11 480 5 17 N NONE E-W 10 420 3.5 4 W BOTH N-S 11 650 3.5 18 E N-S E-W 10 -50 2 5 N N-S E-W 7 AVE- 2 19 S E-W N-S 8 480 4 6 E E-W E-W 7 -430 1 20 W BOTH N-S 8 650 3.5 9 N E-W E-W 4 -100 1.5 21 N N-S N-S 6 -420 2 10 E BOTH E-W 4 -140 2 22 E E-W N-S 6 -50 2.5 11 S NONE E-W 9 -460 1 23 S BOTH E-W 12 170 3 12 W N-S E-W 9 -620 0 24 W NONE E-W 12 -100 1 13 N BOTH E-W 13 -100 1 25 N E-W N-S 5 -620 2 14 E NONE E-W 13 50 0 26 E BOTH N-S 5 100 3.5 SESSION SCORE: 59.00 PERCENT: 49.17 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Summary for Pair A 2 Michel COUTURE - Lise GERVAIS Open Pairs Monday Eve Session May 2, 2016 CLUB BRIDGE DES RICHELAIN 150888 Average: 60.0 Top on a Board: 5 BRD DLR VUL DIR VS RESULT SCORE BRD DLR VUL DIR VS RESULT SCORE 1 N NONE N-S 6 -140 1 15 S N-S E-W 1 140 0 2 E N-S N-S 6 -510 0.5 16 W E-W E-W 1 -100 1.5 3 S E-W N-S 4 200 2.5 17 N NONE N-S 3 -140 4.5 4 W BOTH N-S 4 650 3.5 18 E N-S N-S 3 -300 0 5 N N-S N-S 12 -420 1.3 19 S E-W E-W 11 -110 4 6 E E-W N-S 12 400 1.5 20 W BOTH E-W 11 -660 0 7 S BOTH E-W 8 150 4.5 21 N N-S N-S 9 -420 2 8 W NONE E-W 8 -50 1 22 E E-W N-S 9 -100 1 11 S NONE E-W 5 50 5 23 S BOTH N-S 7 100 3.5 12 W N-S E-W 5 -140 1 24 W NONE N-S 7 50 2.5 13 N BOTH E-W 10 110 3 25 N E-W E-W 13 170 0.5 14 E NONE E-W 10 140 1.5 26 E BOTH E-W 13 100 4.5 SESSION SCORE: 50.30 PERCENT: 41.92 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Summary for Pair A 3 Jacques STEWART - Diane BOUTIN Open Pairs Monday Eve Session May 2, 2016 CLUB BRIDGE DES RICHELAIN 150888 Average: 60.0 Top on a Board: 5 BRD DLR VUL DIR VS RESULT SCORE BRD DLR VUL DIR VS RESULT SCORE 1 N NONE E-W 1 100 2 15 S N-S E-W 11 420 4 2 E N-S E-W 1 450 1.5 16 W E-W E-W 11 -200 0 3 S E-W N-S 7 450 4 17 N NONE E-W 2 140 0.5 4 W BOTH N-S 7 680 5 18 E N-S E-W 2 300 5 5 N N-S N-S 5 -200 3.7 19 S E-W N-S 4 490 5 6 E E-W N-S 5 400 1.5 20 W BOTH N-S 4 620 1.5 7 S BOTH N-S 13 -140 2 21 N N-S E-W 12 420 3 8 W NONE N-S 13 50 4 22 E E-W E-W 12 110 5 9 N E-W E-W 9 -100 1.5 23 S BOTH N-S 10 800 5 10 E BOTH E-W 9 -140 2 24 W NONE N-S 10 50 2.5 13 N BOTH E-W 6 130 5 25 N E-W N-S 8 -620 2 14 E NONE E-W 6 170 3 26 E BOTH N-S 8 -100 0.5 SESSION SCORE: 69.20 PERCENT: 57.67 Session rank: 2 MASTER POINTS: 0.91 Black ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Summary for Pair A 4 Lorraine GAY - Luc BOUDREAU Open Pairs Monday Eve Session May 2, 2016 CLUB BRIDGE DES RICHELAIN 150888 Average: 60.0 Top on a Board: 5 BRD DLR VUL DIR VS RESULT SCORE BRD DLR VUL DIR VS RESULT SCORE 1 N NONE N-S 9 -140 1 15 S N-S E-W 7 420 4 2 E N-S N-S 9 -450 3.5 16 W E-W E-W 7 680 4.5 3 S E-W E-W 2 -200 2.5 17 N NONE E-W 12 140 0.5 4 W BOTH E-W 2 -650 1.5 18 E N-S E-W 12 110 4 5 N N-S N-S 8 -420 1.3 19 S E-W E-W 3 -490 0 6 E E-W N-S 8 400 1.5 20 W BOTH E-W 3 -620 3.5 7 S BOTH N-S 6 100 5 21 N N-S N-S 5 50 5 8 W NONE N-S 6 -130 0 22 E E-W N-S 5 140 5 9 N E-W N-S 1 100 3.5 23 S BOTH E-W 13 620 4.5 10 E BOTH N-S 1 140 3 24 W NONE E-W 13 -150 0 11 S NONE E-W 10 -460 1 25 N E-W N-S 11 -620 2 12 W N-S E-W 10 -110 3 26 E BOTH N-S 11 110 5 SESSION SCORE: 64.80 PERCENT: 54.00 Session rank: 5 MASTER POINTS: 0.26 Black ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Summary for Pair A 5 ALFRED MORIN - Germain SAMOISETTE Open Pairs Monday Eve Session May 2, 2016 CLUB BRIDGE DES RICHELAIN 150888 Average: 60.0 Top on a Board: 5 BRD DLR VUL DIR VS RESULT SCORE BRD DLR VUL DIR VS RESULT SCORE 1 N NONE N-S 12 -140 1 13 N BOTH E-W 11 110 3 2 E N-S N-S 12 -420 5 14 E NONE E-W 11 420 5 3 S E-W N-S 10 200 2.5 17 N NONE E-W 8 170 2 4 W BOTH N-S 10 200 1 18 E N-S E-W 8 -50 2 5 N N-S E-W 3 200 1.3 19 S E-W E-W 13 -420 2.5 6 E E-W E-W 3 -400 3.5 20 W BOTH E-W 13 -650 1.5 7 S BOTH N-S 9 -150 0.5 21 N N-S E-W 4 -50 0 8 W NONE N-S 9 50 4 22 E E-W E-W 4 -140 0 9 N E-W N-S 7 100 3.5 23 S BOTH N-S 6 100 3.5 10 E BOTH N-S 7 140 3 24 W NONE N-S 6 -110 1 11 S NONE N-S 2 -50 0 25 N E-W E-W 1 620 3 12 W N-S N-S 2 140 4 26 E BOTH E-W 1 -100 1.5 SESSION SCORE: 54.30 PERCENT: 45.25 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Summary for Pair A 6 Maurice PAUZE - Maite BASQUE Open Pairs Monday Eve Session May 2, 2016 CLUB BRIDGE DES RICHELAIN 150888 Average: 60.0 Top on a Board: 5 BRD DLR VUL DIR VS RESULT SCORE BRD DLR VUL DIR VS RESULT SCORE 1 N NONE E-W 2 140 4 13 N BOTH N-S 3 -130 0 2 E N-S E-W 2 510 4.5 14 E NONE N-S 3 -170 2 3 S E-W N-S 13 170 1 15 S N-S E-W 12 170 1.5 4 W BOTH N-S 13 200 1 16 W E-W E-W 12 680 4.5 5 N N-S N-S 11 -420 1.3 19 S E-W E-W 9 -420 2.5 6 E E-W N-S 11 400 1.5 20 W BOTH E-W 9 -620 3.5 7 S BOTH E-W 4 -100 0 21 N N-S E-W 1 420 3 8 W NONE E-W 4 130 5 22 E E-W E-W 1 50 2.5 9 N E-W N-S 10 80 1 23 S BOTH E-W 5 -100 1.5 10 E BOTH N-S 10 170 5 24 W NONE E-W 5 110 4 11 S NONE N-S 8 430 1.5 25 N E-W N-S 7 -170 4.5 12 W N-S N-S 8 100 1 26 E BOTH N-S 7 90 2 SESSION SCORE: 58.30 PERCENT: 48.58 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Summary for Pair A 7 NICOLE GARCEAU - Marielle Pageau Open Pairs Monday Eve Session May 2, 2016 CLUB BRIDGE DES RICHELAIN 150888 Average: 60.0 Top on a Board: 5 BRD DLR VUL DIR VS RESULT SCORE BRD DLR VUL DIR VS RESULT SCORE 1 N NONE N-S 8 50 4.5 13 N BOTH N-S 9 200 5 2 E N-S N-S 8 -480 2 14 E NONE N-S 9 -140 3.5 3 S E-W E-W 3 -450 1 15 S N-S N-S 4 -420 1 4 W BOTH E-W 3 -680 0 16 W E-W N-S 4 -680 0.5 5 N N-S N-S 1 AVE+ 3 17 N NONE E-W 13 420 3.5 6 E E-W N-S 1 430 4 18 E N-S E-W 13 -50 2 7 S BOTH N-S 12 -90 4 21 N N-S E-W 10 420 3 8 W NONE N-S 12 -100 2 22 E E-W E-W 10 -110 1 9 N E-W E-W 5 -100 1.5 23 S BOTH E-W 2 -100 1.5 10 E BOTH E-W 5 -140 2 24 W NONE E-W 2 -50 2.5 11 S NONE N-S 11 460 4 25 N E-W E-W 6 170 0.5 12 W N-S N-S 11 -100 0 26 E BOTH E-W 6 -90 3 SESSION SCORE: 55.00 PERCENT: 45.83 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Summary for Pair A 8 Julie SAUVE - Louis DEPELTEAU Open Pairs Monday Eve Session May 2, 2016 CLUB BRIDGE DES RICHELAIN 150888 Average: 60.0 Top on a Board: 5 BRD DLR VUL DIR VS RESULT SCORE BRD DLR VUL DIR VS RESULT SCORE 1 N NONE E-W 7 -50 0.5 13 N BOTH N-S 12 -110 2 2 E N-S E-W 7 480 3 14 E NONE N-S 12 -300 1 3 S E-W N-S 9 -140 0 15 S N-S N-S 10 -420 1 4 W BOTH N-S 9 200 1 16 W E-W N-S 10 -650 2 5 N N-S E-W 4 420 3.7 17 N NONE N-S 5 -170 3 6 E E-W E-W 4 -400 3.5 18 E N-S N-S 5 50 3 7 S BOTH N-S 2 -150 0.5 19 S E-W E-W 1 -480 1 8 W NONE N-S 2 50 4 20 W BOTH E-W 1 -650 1.5 9 N E-W N-S 13 100 3.5 23 S BOTH E-W 11 620 4.5 10 E BOTH N-S 13 -100 0 24 W NONE E-W 11 140 5 11 S NONE E-W 6 -430 3.5 25 N E-W E-W 3 620 3 12 W N-S E-W 6 -100 4 26 E BOTH E-W 3 100 4.5 SESSION SCORE: 58.70 PERCENT: 48.92 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Summary for Pair A 9 Louis MORAZAIN - Diane Mongeau Open Pairs Monday Eve Session May 2, 2016 CLUB BRIDGE DES RICHELAIN 150888 Average: 60.0 Top on a Board: 5 BRD DLR VUL DIR VS RESULT SCORE BRD DLR VUL DIR VS RESULT SCORE 1 N NONE E-W 4 140 4 13 N BOTH E-W 7 -200 0 2 E N-S E-W 4 450 1.5 14 E NONE E-W 7 140 1.5 3 S E-W E-W 8 140 5 15 S N-S N-S 13 -170 3.5 4 W BOTH E-W 8 -200 4 16 W E-W N-S 13 100 3.5 5 N N-S N-S 10 100 4.9 17 N NONE N-S 11 -450 0 6 E E-W N-S 10 460 5 18 E N-S N-S 11 150 5 7 S BOTH E-W 5 150 4.5 19 S E-W N-S 6 420 2.5 8 W NONE E-W 5 -50 1 20 W BOTH N-S 6 620 1.5 9 N E-W N-S 3 100 3.5 21 N N-S E-W 2 420 3 10 E BOTH N-S 3 140 3 22 E E-W E-W 2 100 4 11 S NONE N-S 1 460 4 25 N E-W E-W 12 680 5 12 W N-S N-S 1 620 5 26 E BOTH E-W 12 -100 1.5 SESSION SCORE: 76.40 PERCENT: 63.67 Session rank: 1 MASTER POINTS: 1.30 Black ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Summary for Pair A 10 DENIS PATENAUDE - Marcel Boulanger Open Pairs Monday Eve Session May 2, 2016 CLUB BRIDGE DES RICHELAIN 150888 Average: 60.0 Top on a Board: 5 BRD DLR VUL DIR VS RESULT SCORE BRD DLR VUL DIR VS RESULT SCORE 1 N NONE E-W 13 -50 0.5 13 N BOTH N-S 2 -110 2 2 E N-S E-W 13 510 4.5 14 E NONE N-S 2 -140 3.5 3 S E-W E-W 5 -200 2.5 15 S N-S E-W 8 420 4 4 W BOTH E-W 5 -200 4 16 W E-W E-W 8 650 3 5 N N-S E-W 9 -100 0.1 17 N NONE N-S 1 -420 1.5 6 E E-W E-W 9 -460 0 18 E N-S N-S 1 50 3 7 S BOTH N-S 11 -130 3 19 S E-W N-S 12 -150 0 8 W NONE N-S 11 -110 1 20 W BOTH N-S 12 -100 0 9 N E-W E-W 6 -80 4 21 N N-S N-S 7 -420 2 10 E BOTH E-W 6 -170 0 22 E E-W N-S 7 110 4 11 S NONE N-S 4 460 4 23 S BOTH E-W 3 -800 0 12 W N-S N-S 4 110 2 24 W NONE E-W 3 -50 2.5 SESSION SCORE: 51.10 PERCENT: 42.58 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Summary for Pair A 11 Rejean Keroack - Monique Lussier Open Pairs Monday Eve Session May 2, 2016 CLUB BRIDGE DES RICHELAIN 150888 Average: 60.0 Top on a Board: 5 BRD DLR VUL DIR VS RESULT SCORE BRD DLR VUL DIR VS RESULT SCORE 3 S E-W E-W 1 -480 0 15 S N-S N-S 3 -420 1 4 W BOTH E-W 1 -650 1.5 16 W E-W N-S 3 200 5 5 N N-S E-W 6 420 3.7 17 N NONE E-W 9 450 5 6 E E-W E-W 6 -400 3.5 18 E N-S E-W 9 -150 0 7 S BOTH E-W 10 130 2 19 S E-W N-S 2 110 1 8 W NONE E-W 10 110 4 20 W BOTH N-S 2 660 5 9 N E-W N-S 12 -120 0 21 N N-S N-S 13 -420 2 10 E BOTH N-S 12 110 1 22 E E-W N-S 13 -50 2.5 11 S NONE E-W 7 -460 1 23 S BOTH N-S 8 -620 0.5 12 W N-S E-W 7 100 5 24 W NONE N-S 8 -140 0 13 N BOTH N-S 5 -110 2 25 N E-W E-W 4 620 3 14 E NONE N-S 5 -420 0 26 E BOTH E-W 4 -110 0 SESSION SCORE: 48.70 PERCENT: 40.58 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Summary for Pair A 12 Gaetan Gaucher - Manon BOULE Open Pairs Monday Eve Session May 2, 2016 CLUB BRIDGE DES RICHELAIN 150888 Average: 60.0 Top on a Board: 5 BRD DLR VUL DIR VS RESULT SCORE BRD DLR VUL DIR VS RESULT SCORE 1 N NONE E-W 5 140 4 15 S N-S N-S 6 -170 3.5 2 E N-S E-W 5 420 0 16 W E-W N-S 6 -680 0.5 5 N N-S E-W 2 420 3.7 17 N NONE N-S 4 -140 4.5 6 E E-W E-W 2 -400 3.5 18 E N-S N-S 4 -110 1 7 S BOTH E-W 7 90 1 19 S E-W E-W 10 150 5 8 W NONE E-W 7 100 3 20 W BOTH E-W 10 100 5 9 N E-W E-W 11 120 5 21 N N-S N-S 3 -420 2 10 E BOTH E-W 11 -110 4 22 E E-W N-S 3 -110 0 11 S NONE N-S 13 430 1.5 23 S BOTH N-S 1 -170 2 12 W N-S N-S 13 130 3 24 W NONE N-S 1 100 4 13 N BOTH E-W 8 110 3 25 N E-W N-S 9 -680 0 14 E NONE E-W 8 300 4 26 E BOTH N-S 9 100 3.5 SESSION SCORE: 66.70 PERCENT: 55.58 Session rank: 4 MASTER POINTS: 0.46 Black ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Summary for Pair A 13 Andre Roulier - JEAN ROULIER Open Pairs Monday Eve Session May 2, 2016 CLUB BRIDGE DES RICHELAIN 150888 Average: 60.0 Top on a Board: 5 BRD DLR VUL DIR VS RESULT SCORE BRD DLR VUL DIR VS RESULT SCORE 1 N NONE N-S 10 50 4.5 15 S N-S E-W 9 170 1.5 2 E N-S N-S 10 -510 0.5 16 W E-W E-W 9 -100 1.5 3 S E-W E-W 6 -170 4 17 N NONE N-S 7 -420 1.5 4 W BOTH E-W 6 -200 4 18 E N-S N-S 7 50 3 7 S BOTH E-W 3 140 3 19 S E-W N-S 5 420 2.5 8 W NONE E-W 3 -50 1 20 W BOTH N-S 5 650 3.5 9 N E-W E-W 8 -100 1.5 21 N N-S E-W 11 420 3 10 E BOTH E-W 8 100 5 22 E E-W E-W 11 50 2.5 11 S NONE E-W 12 -430 3.5 23 S BOTH N-S 4 -620 0.5 12 W N-S E-W 12 -130 2 24 W NONE N-S 4 150 5 13 N BOTH N-S 1 100 4 25 N E-W N-S 2 -170 4.5 14 E NONE N-S 1 -50 5 26 E BOTH N-S 2 -100 0.5 SESSION SCORE: 67.50 PERCENT: 56.25 Session rank: 3 MASTER POINTS: 0.65 Black ------------------------------------------------------------------------